My research agenda is centered around the Internet in general with
focus on Internet measurements, examining unwanted packets at all
layers of the stack (DoS attacks, spam), Internet protocols (P2P and
Web), anomaly detection, and caching/content distribution. I rely on
our strong software foundation to gather, process, and analyze very
large amounts of data obtained from a variety of sources at different
layers of the protocol stack. Of late I have been examining the spam
problem from an economic perspective. I have been on PhD committees of
several students and collaborate with a wide variety of people inside
and outside AT&T. I do not have a "home page".

Books

Internet Measurements: Infrastructure, Traffic and Applications   (July 2006, 525 pp)

Web Protocols and Practice  HTTP/1.1, Networking Protocols, Caching and Traffic Measurement
Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jennifer Rexford
Addison-Wesley, Spring 2001
Translations in Portuguese, Japanese, Russian, and Chinese available.

Practical Reusable UNIX Software
Edited by: Balachander Krishnamurthy
Full PostScript for personal downloading only     Full PDF for personal downloading only

Online Social Networks

  • A few chirps about Twitter
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Phillipa Gill and Martin Arlitt
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Online Social Networks, August 2008

  • Characterizing Privacy in Online Social Networks
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Online Social Networks, August 2008

  • Key differences between Web 1.0 and Web 2.0
    Graham Cormode and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    First Monday, June 2008

    Workshop on Online Social Networks WOSN 2008

    Internet Privacy

  • Measuring privacy loss and the impact of privacy protection in Web browsing
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Delfina Malandrino and Craig E. Wills
    Proceedings of the Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security, July 2007

  • Generating a Privacy Footprint on the Internet
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of IMC 2006, October 2006

    Web/Internet Measurements

  • What are our standards for validation of measurement-based networking research?
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Walter Willinger
    Proceedings of ACM SIGMETRICS HotMetrics 2008, June 2008

  • Remote Profiling of Resource Constraints of Web Servers Using Mini-Flash Crowd
    P Ramamurthy and V Sekar and A Akella and Balachander Krishnamurthy and A Shaikh
    Proceedings of USENIX Annual Technical Cofenrence, Boston, June 2008

  • A Generic Language for Application-Specific Flow Sampling
    Harsha V. Madhyastha and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    ACM SIGCOMM CCR, April 2008

  • Using Mini-Flash Crowds to Infer Resource Constraints in Remote Web Servers
    P Ramamurthy and V Sekar and A Akella and Balachander Krishnamurthy and A Shaikh
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM INM'07, Kyoto, Japan, August 2007

  • Predicting short-transfer latency from TCP arcana: A trace-based validation      HTML Version
    Martin Arlitt and Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jeff Mogul
    Proceedings of IMC-2005, Berkeley, CA, October 2005

  • ATMEN: A Triggered Network Measurement Infrastructure
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Harsha V. Madhyastha, Oliver Spatscheck
    Proceedings of WWW-2005, Tokyo, May 2005

  • A Short Walk in the Blogistan
    Edith Cohen, Balachander Krishnamurthy
    COMNET, Spring 2005

  • On stationarity in Internet measurements through an information-theoretic lens
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Harsha V. Madhyastha, Suresh Venkatasubramanian
    Proceedings of Ist IEEE International Workshop on Networking Meets Databases (NetDB), Tokyo, April 2005

  • A methodology for studying persistency aspects of Internet flows
    J Wallerich, H Dreger, A Feldmann, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Walter Willinger
    ACM SIGCOMM CCR, April 2005

  • On the Responsiveness of DNS-based Network Control     In PDF
    J Pang, A Akella, A Shaikh, B Krishnamurthy and S Seshan
    Proceedings of IMC-2004, Taormina, Oct 2004

  • Traffic classification for application specific peering
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jia Wang
    Proceedings of IMW-2002, Marseille, Nov 2002

  • Flash Crowds and Denial of Service Attacks: Characterization and Implications for CDNs and Web Sites    PS version
    Jayeon Jung and Balachander Krishnamurthy and Michael Rabinovich
    Proceedings of WWW-2002, Hawaii, May 2002

  • Characterizing large DNS traces using graphs     PDF version
    Charles D. Cranor, Emden Gansner, Balachander Krishnamurthy, and Oliver Spatscheck
    Proceedings of SIGCOMM IMW 2001, California, pp. 55--67 November 2001

  • On the Use and Performance of Content Distribution Networks     PDF version
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Craig Wills, and Yin Zhang
    Proceedings of SIGCOMM IMW 2001, California, pp. 169--182 November 2001
    Detailed version: AT&T Labs--Research Technical Document TD-52AMHL

  • Early Measurements of a Cluster-based Architecture for P2P Systems
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Jia Wang, and Yinglian Xie
    Proceedings of SIGCOMM IMW 2001, California, pp. 105--109 November 2001

  • Looking for Science in the Art of Network Measurement Matthias Grossglauser and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    Proceedings of IWDC 2001, Taormina, Italy, September 2001

  • Measurement and Analysis of IP Network Usage and Behavior Caceres et al.
    IEEE Communications Magazine, 2000

    Unwanted packets, anomaly detection

  • Workshop: Steps to Reducing Unwanted Traffic on the Internet SRUTI 2007

  • Tracking the Role of Adversaries in Measuring Unwanted Traffic
    Mark Allman, Paul Barford, Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jia Wang
    Proceedings of SRUTI-2006, San Jose, July 2006

  • Cat and Mouse: Content Delivery Tradeoffs in Web Access
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of WWW-2006, Edinburgh, May 2006

  • Collaborating against common enemies      PS Version
    Sachin Katti, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Dina Katabi
    Proceedings of IMC-2005, Berkeley, CA, October 2005

  • Stress Testing Traffic to Infer Its Legitimacy
    Nick Duffield and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    Proceedings of Usenix SRUTI 2005, July 2005

  • Mohonk: Mobile honeypots to trace unwanted traffic early      PS Version Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM NeTTS workshop, September 2004

  • SHRED: Spam Harassment Reduction via Economic Disincentives IETF-56 Talk Slides in PostScript     In PDF

  • Sketch-based Change Detection: Methods, Evaluation, and Applications Proceedings of IMC-2003, Miami Beach, Oct 2003

    Clustering Web Clients

  • Fast Prefix Matching of Bounded Strings
    Adam L. Buchsbaum and Glenn S. Fowler and Balachander Krishnamurthy and Kiem-Phong Vo and Jia Wang
    Proceedings of ACM SIGACT ALENEX03, Baltimore, Maryland, January 2003

  • On Network-Aware Clustering of Web Clients
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jia Wang
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM 2000, Stockholm, Sweden, August 2000

    Detailed version: AT&T Labs--Research Technical Memorandum #000101-01-TM

  • Topology Modeling via Cluster Graphs Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jia Wang
    Proceedings of SIGCOMM IMW 2001, California, pp. 19--23 November 2001

    HTTP/1.1 Protocol

  • PRO-COW: Protocol Compliance on the Web---A Longitudinal Study
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Martin Arlitt
    Proceedings of the 2001 USENIX Symposium on Internet Technology and Systems,
    San Francisco, California, pp. x--y, March 2001.
    Slides of talk presented at IETF plenary session (postscript)

  • En Passant: Predicting HTTP/1.1 traffic
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jennifer Rexford
    Proceedings of Global Internet 99 Symposium, Rio di Janeiro, December 1999

  • Key Differences between HTTP/1.0 and HTTP/1.1     HTML version
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jeffrey C. Mogul and David M. Kristol
    Proceedings of the WWW-8 Conference, Toronto, May 1999

  • Potential benefits of delta encoding and data compression for HTTP
    Jeffrey Mogul, Fred Douglis, Anja Feldmann and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM'97, Cannes, France, pp. 181--194, August 1997

    End-to-end issues on the Web

  • DEW: DNS-Enhanced Web for Faster Content Delivery
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Richard Liston, Michael Rabinovich
    Proceedings of WWW-2003, Budapest, May 2003

  • Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of a Client Characterization Driven Web Server
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Craig Wills, Yin Zhang, and Kashi Vishwanath
    Proceedings of WWW-2003, Budapest, May 2003

  • Preliminary Measurements on the Effect of Server Adaptation for Web Content Delivery
    Balachander Krishnamurthy, Craig Wills, and Yin Zhang
    Proceedings of IMW-2002, Marseille, Nov 2002

  • Improving Web experience by client characterization driven server adaptation    PDF version
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of WWW 2002 Conference, Hawaii, May 2002

  • Analyzing factors that influence end-to-end Web performance
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of WWW-9 Conference, Amsterdam, May 2000
    AT&T Labs--Research Technical Memorandum #991129-07-TM

  • Improving End-to-End Performance of the Web Using Server Volumes and Proxy Filters
    Edith Cohen, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Jennifer Rexford
    Proceedings of ACM SIGCOMM-98 Conference, Vancouver, Canada, September 1998
    Talk slides      Detailed version: AT&T Labs--Research Technical Memorandum 98.8.1

  • Efficient Algorithms for Predicting Requests to Web Servers
    Edith Cohen, Balachander Krishnamurthy, and Jennifer Rexford
    Infocom'99, March 1999

    Web Caching

  • Piggyback Cache Validation for Proxy Caches in the World Wide Web
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of the 2nd Web Caching Workshop, Boulder, CO, June 1997

  • Study of Piggyback Cache Validation for Proxy Caches in the WWW
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of the 1997 USENIX Symposium on Internet Technology and Systems, Monterey, California, pp. 1--12, Dec 1997.

  • Piggyback Server Invalidation for Proxy Cache Coherency
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    Proceedings of the WWW-7 Conference, Brisbane, Australia, pp. 185--194, April 1998

  • Evaluating server-assisted cache replacement in the Web
    Edith Cohen, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Jennifer Rexford
    Proceedings of the European Symposium on Algorithms-98, San Servolo, Venice, Italy, August 1998

  • Proxy Cache Coherency and Replacement---Towards a More Complete Picture
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Craig Wills
    ICDCS99, Austin, June 1999

    Web logs and traffic measurement

  • Rate of Change and other Metrics: a Live Study of the WWW
    Fred Douglis, Anja Feldmann, Balachander Krishnamurthy Jeffrey Mogul
    Proceedings of the 1997 USENIX Symposium on Internet Technology and Systems, Monterey, California, pp. 147--158, Dec 1997
    Extended Technical Report Version

  • HTTP 1.0 Logs Considered Harmful
    Ramon Caceres, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Jennifer Rexford
    World Wide Web Consortium Workshop on Web Characterization, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 1998

  • Software Issues in Characterizing Web Server Logs
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and Jennifer Rexford
    World Wide Web Consortium Workshop on Web Characterization, Cambridge, Massachusetts, November 1998

  • Measurement and analysis of IP network usage and behavior
    R. Caceres et al.
    IEEE Communication Magazine, Special Issue on Network traffic measurements and experiments, May 2000

    Web searching

  • Focusing Search in Hierarchical Structures with Directory Sets
    Guy Jacobson, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Divesh Srivastava, Dan Suciu
    Proceedings of CIKM-98 Conference, Washington D.C. November 1998

    Event notification systems

  • CORBA Notification Service: Design Challenges and Scalable Solutions
    R. E. Gruber, Balachander Krishnamurthy, and E. Panagos
    International Conference on Data Engineering, ICDE 2001, Heidelberg, May 2001

  • The Architecture of the READY Event Notification Service
    R. E. Gruber, Balachander Krishnamurthy, and E. Panagos
    ICDCS workshop, Austin, June 1999

  • Higher Level Constructs in the READY Event Notification System
    Robert Gruber, Balachander Krishnamurthy, Euthimios Panagaos
    Proceedings of the Eighth ACM SIGOPS European Workshop, Sintra, Portugal, September 1998

  • Yeast: A General Purpose Event-Action System
    Balachander Krishnamurthy and David S. Rosenblum
    IEEE Transactions of Software Engineering, August 1995

    Software

  • Live Text
    Chris Fraser and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    Software Practice and Experience, August 1990

  • COLA: Customized Overlaying
    Eduardo Krell and Balachander Krishnamurthy
    Proceedings of Usenix Winter 1992 Technical Conference, San Francisco, January 1992

    Patents

    20) 11/13/07 7,296,089   Method for improving web performance by adapting servers based on client cluster characterization
    19) 5/15/07 7,219,160   Method for fast network-aware clustering
    18) 3/13/07 7,191,168   Fast prefix matching of bounded strings
    17) 8/9/05 6,928,485   Method for network-aware clustering of clients in a network
    16) 6/28/05 6,912,562  Cache invalidation technique with spurious resource change indications
    15) 6/15/04 6,751,608  Method and apparatus for improving end to end performance of a data network
    14) 8/12/03 6,606,639  Method for effective indexing of partially dynamic documents
    13) 6/10/03 6,578,113  Method for cache validation for proxy caches
    12) 8/13/02 6,434,573  Method for effective indexing of partially dynamic documents
    11) 3/26/02 6,363,379  Method of clustering electronic documents in response to a search query
    10) 1/08/02 6,338,058  Method for providing more informative results in response to a search of electronic documents
    9) 12/11/01 6,330,561  Method and apparatus for improving end to end performance of a data network
    8) 12/26/00 6,167,397  Method of clustering electronic documents in response to a search query
    7) 10/17/00 6,134,553  Method for using region-sets to focus searches in hierarchical structures
    6) 06/06/00 6,073,130  Method for improving the results of a search in a structured database
    5) 05/30/00 6,070,157  Method for providing more informative results in response to a search of electronic documents
    4) 10/19/99 5,970,489  Method for using region-sets to focus searches in hierarchical structures
    3) 9/21/99 5,956,722  Method for effective indexing of partially dynamic documents
    2) 09/21/99 5,956,027  Method and apparatus for sharing a web page
    1) 03/04/97 5,608,908  Process control system responsive to device events