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A139416 a(n) = smallest positive integer k such that d(k) = d(k+2n) = 2n, where d(m) (A000005) is the number of positive divisors of m, or 0 if no such k exists. +0
2
3, 6, 12, 70, 600281, 60, 1458, 264, 450, 266875, 12670498046853, 480, 3998684814453099, 11968722, 299538, 3640, 49921080474853515591, 1980, 6107691150665283203125, 14960 (list; graph; listen)
OFFSET

1,1

COMMENT

Does this sequence have a term for every positive integer n, or are there no solutions for some n?

There is no solution for any odd positive integer n to d(k)=d(k+n) = n.

EXAMPLE

For a(4) we want the smallest integer m such that d(m) = d(m+8) = 8. The positive integers that have 8 divisors each form the sequence: 24, 30, 40, 42, 54, 56, 66, 70, 78, 88, 102, 104, 105, 110,...(A030626)

The first (not necessarily adjacent) pair of integers with 8 divisors each that is separated by exactly 8 is (70,78). So a(4) is the least element of this pair, which is 70.

PROGRAM

/* PARI/GP from Martin Fuller */

A_simple(n)=local(m=2); n*=2; until(numdiv(m)==n&numdiv(m+n)==n, m++); m

A_try_pair(p, q, n, limit)=

{

/* Helper for A_prime() */

/* Look for solution which is 0 mod p^(n-1) and -n*2 mod q^(n-1) */

local(m = chinese(Mod(0, p^(n-1)), Mod(-n*2, q^(n-1))));

forstep(x=lift(m), limit, component(m, 1),

if(isprime(x\p^(n-1)) & isprime((x+n*2)\q^(n-1)), return(x)));

limit

}

A_try_above_below(m, n)=

{

/* Helper for A_prime() */

/* Function presumes that numdiv(m)==n*2 */

if(numdiv(m-n*2)==n*2, limit=m-n*2,

if(numdiv(m+n*2)==n*2, limit=m,

0))

}

A_prime(n, limit, pairmax=30)=

{

if (n%2==0 | !isprime(n), error("Only works for odd primes"));

if (default(primelimit) < limit\nextprime(pairmax+1)^(n-1),

default(primelimit, limit\nextprime(pairmax+1)^(n-1));

);

/* Evens with numdiv==n*2 are {2^(n*2-1)} u {2*p^(n-1)} u {2^(n-1)*p} */

/* Potential solutions must come from different sets */

/* Try above and below first two sets */

A_try_above_below(2^(n*2-1), n);

forprime(p=3, (limit\2)^(1/(n-1)),

if (A_try_above_below(2*p^(n-1), n), break));

/* Odd numbers with numdiv==n*2 are {p^(n*2-1)} u {p^(n-1)*q} */

/* Try where a(n) and a(n)+n*2 are (small prime)^(n-1)*(big prime) */

forprime(p=3, pairmax, forprime(q=3, pairmax,

if (p!=q, limit = A_try_pair(p, q, n, limit))));

/* Try above and below all other odd numbers with numdiv==n*2 */

forprime(p=pairmax+1, (limit\3)^(1/(n-1)),

forprime(q=3, limit\p^(n-1),

if (p!=q & A_try_above_below(p^(n-1)*q, n), break)));

forprime(p=3, limit^(1/21),

if (A_try_above_below(p^21, n), break));

limit

}

CROSSREFS

Cf. A000005, A137532.

Adjacent sequences: A139413 A139414 A139415 this_sequence A139417 A139418 A139419

Sequence in context: A023369 A129380 A085866 this_sequence A013563 A009788 A102966

KEYWORD

more,nonn

AUTHOR

Leroy Quet (qq-quet(AT)mindspring.com), Apr 20 2008

EXTENSIONS

First 10 terms calculated by Maximilian Hasler.

a(11)-a(20) from Martin Fuller, Apr 20 2008

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Last modified October 7 14:39 EDT 2008. Contains 144666 sequences.


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